Shortly after Arkansas
was admitted to the
Union
in 1836, the federal government established the Little Rock Arsenal
for the storage of munitions and weapons in defense of the frontier. Eventually,
more than thirty buildings were constructed on this 36-acre site, including an
armory, officers' quarters, barracks for enlisted men, and a variety of other
buildings necessary for the routine operation of a military post.
Constructed
in 1840, the Tower
Building
is the only surviving remnant of the Little Rock Arsenal and one of central Arkansas' oldest structures. With exterior walls almost three feet thick, the massive
edifice originally served as a munitions warehouse.
In
February 1861, armed citizens threatened to seize the arsenal in anticipation of
Arkansas' secession from the Union. A confrontation was averted when authorities negotiated a peaceful compromise
with the commander, Captain James Totten, and federal troops withdrew from Little Rock.
After
Arkansas
seceded in May 1861, Confederate forces used the arsenal until
September 11, 1863, when Union troops commanded by General Frederick Steele captured
Little Rock. Renamed the Little Rock Barracks in 1873, the post was used to garrison troops
until it closed in 1890.
After
the war, the building became quarters for Arsenal officers and their families. In
January 1880, Douglas MacArthur, future General of the Army, was born here while
his father, Captain Arthur MacArthur, was stationed in Little Rock.
Final
Report
Photos